Zygomatic Implants in the Rehabilitation of Atrophic Maxilla A Comprehensive Review

Rehabilitation of the severely atrophic maxilla remains a major clinical challenge due to insufficient bone volume and poor bone quality, which often necessitate complex bone augmentation procedures associated with increased morbidity and prolonged treatment duration. Zygomatic implants have emerged as a reliable graftless alternative by anchoring in the dense zygomatic bone, thereby bypassing the need for sinus augmentation and extensive grafting procedures. Since their introduction by Brånemark in 1988, zygomatic implants have undergone significant evolution in surgical techniques, prosthetic protocols, and digital planning approaches.